Choroid Plexus Papilloma MRI

A 1 y o male with headache, signs of raised ICT. 

On Admission CT followed by MRI Brain with Contrast.

This CT and MRI study of Brain shows an intra ventricular ovoid solid frond like well defined lesion in right lateral ventricle.
Lesion is isodense on CT with faint specks of calcifications.
Restricted diffusion on Dw MRI Images.
Avid homogeneous enhancement on post contrast T1w MRI.
No adjacent parenchymal invasion.

Imaging diagnosis given was Choroid Plexus Papilloma, moderate communicating hydrocephalus due to over production of Csf.

HISTOPATHOLOGY REPORT

Specimen : Excisional biopsy, right lateral ventricle mass.

Gross appearance : Multiple irregular soft to friable soft pieces of dull gray tan tissue, together measuring ~ 44x4x29mm. The cut section thru the larger piece appears papillary.

Microscopy : Benign neoplasm of probable choroid plexus epithelia comprising predominantly complex and branching neoplastic papillae lined by single layer of low cuboidal epithelia - devoid of significant cellular pleomorphism nor increased mitosis. In few foci the epithelia show focal stratification and crowding. The sub epithelial cord substance of the papillae appears focally odematous with congested blood vessels and sparse lymphocytic infiltrates. There is no evidence of cytological anaplasia.

Histopathological diagnosis : Choroid Plexus Papilloma.

Choroid Plexus Papilloma (CPP)

Imaging findings:
Location wise most common i.e ~ 50% in  atrium of lateral ventricle, left> right, ~ 40%  fourth ventricle.
~ 10%  third ventricle (roof) and ~ 5%  multiple sites.
• Morphology: Well delineated, lobulated intra ventricular cauliflower like mass, frond like surface projection.
Benign, slowly growing tumor often larger at the time of presentation.
Solid density on CT and signal intensity on MRI.
Foci of calcification best seen on CT.
Intense homogenous enhancement on post contrast T1.
CSF seeding of lesions is known.

Clinical Presentation: 
Age: Lateral ventricular CPPs common in infants and children where as fourth ventricular CPPs common in adults.
Most common signs/symptoms are of raised ICT, Macrocrania, bulging fontanelle, vomiting, headache, ataxia.

DD: 
Imaging wise difficult to differentiate from Choroid plexus carcinoma (CPCA)
Heterogeneous enhancement, invasion of adjacent brain parenchyma goes in favor of CPCA.

Reference : DI Osborn.